Data on California Small-Farm Market Access
Explore more California market data: Market Insights · Business and owner connections · Top 25 and small-farm brand reach.
The evidence behind the proposal
Why small farms need another way to reach customers
Small farms need more ways to reach customers. These maps and reports look at where cannabis is grown, where stores are licensed, and what direct shipping could offer. The examples let you try different prices and costs.
Under our proposal, eligible farms and co-ops could ship within California through approved carriers. Product testing, taxes, and age checks would stay in place.
Read our plain-English introduction to the proposal1. Consumer access
Where local rules limit cannabis stores
California’s cannabis regulator tracks which cities and counties allow cannabis stores and delivery businesses. The figures below focus on areas that do not license either type of business locally.
Retailers from other areas may already deliver to these communities. The map helps show local licensing rules and how far residents are from stores.
40.9% · 11,790,532 of 28,856,913 adults age 21+, based on 2024 Census population estimates.
The Retail Access Gap
Areas where local rules do not allow cannabis stores or locally licensed delivery businesses.
Local licensing data updated November 1, 2026.
How population and distances are calculated
The statewide adult population sums all 58 California county estimates from the same Census source used for affected adults. Each jurisdiction is represented by a Census block-group center weighted by the population age 21 and over. When no eligible block-group centroid falls inside a boundary, the calculation uses an interior point. Distances are straight-line miles to the three nearest active storefront-capable licenses.
The table below lists the same places and distances.
Select a shaded area to see its name, adult population, and distance from stores.
Colors show the average straight-line distance to the three nearest licensed stores from where adults in each area are concentrated. Driving distances will usually be longer. Areas without shading are outside this comparison or have missing map data.
See the places behind the map
| City or area | County | Adults 21+ | Average miles |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modoc Unincorporated | Modoc County | 4,700 | 85.6 |
| Alturas | Modoc County | 1,992 | 83.2 |
| Tulelake | Siskiyou County | 685 | 60.3 |
| Loyalton | Sierra County | 570 | 52.5 |
| Ridgecrest | Kern County | 19,494 | 47.3 |
| Kern Unincorporated | Kern County | 204,793 | 46.5 |
| Dorris | Siskiyou County | 599 | 46.1 |
| Taft | Kern County | 5,496 | 45.8 |
| Portola | Plumas County | 1,759 | 44.5 |
| Maricopa | Kern County | 722 | 42.8 |
| Bakersfield | Kern County | 272,683 | 41.1 |
| Mariposa Unincorporated | Mariposa County | 13,932 | 41.1 |
| Sierra Unincorporated | Sierra County | 1,566 | 40.4 |
| Susanville | Lassen County | 11,527 | 36.8 |
| Plumas Unincorporated | Plumas County | 13,978 | 35.5 |
| Shafter | Kern County | 12,836 | 31.6 |
| Tehachapi | Kern County | 9,291 | 30.5 |
| Twentynine Palms | San Bernardino County | 17,493 | 29.4 |
| Fort Jones | Siskiyou County | 381 | 29.4 |
| Etna | Siskiyou County | 544 | 28.4 |
| Wasco | Kern County | 17,779 | 27.7 |
| Montague | Siskiyou County | 1,035 | 25.0 |
| Avenal | Kings County | 9,814 | 24.3 |
| Calipatria | Imperial County | 5,227 | 22.8 |
| Big Bear Lake | San Bernardino County | 3,981 | 22.0 |
| Oroville | Butte County | 14,374 | 21.8 |
| Alpine Unincorporated | Alpine County | 1,227 | 20.8 |
| Los Banos | Merced County | 29,543 | 20.7 |
| Ione | Amador County | 7,726 | 20.7 |
| Colusa Unincorporated | Colusa County | 7,317 | 20.3 |
| Williams | Colusa County | 3,508 | 19.8 |
| San Joaquin | Fresno County | 2,031 | 19.6 |
| Biggs | Butte County | 1,372 | 19.6 |
| Dos Palos | Merced County | 4,102 | 19.1 |
| San Clemente | Orange County | 47,941 | 18.8 |
| Delano | Kern County | 37,004 | 18.5 |
| Lincoln | Placer County | 38,964 | 18.0 |
| Soledad | Monterey County | 18,562 | 18.0 |
| Huron | Fresno County | 3,733 | 17.6 |
| Amador City | Amador County | 151 | 17.6 |
| Amador Unincorporated | Amador County | 19,260 | 17.1 |
| Corning | Tehama County | 5,133 | 17.0 |
| Westmorland | Imperial County | 1,104 | 17.0 |
| Orland | Glenn County | 5,339 | 16.9 |
| Sutter Creek | Amador County | 2,181 | 16.7 |
| Orange Cove | Fresno County | 5,747 | 16.5 |
| Jackson | Amador County | 4,098 | 16.4 |
| Galt | Sacramento County | 18,649 | 16.3 |
| Auburn | Placer County | 10,965 | 16.2 |
| Loomis | Placer County | 5,408 | 16.2 |
| Gridley | Butte County | 4,708 | 16.2 |
| San Bernardino Unincorporated | San Bernardino County | 213,159 | 16.1 |
| Placer Unincorporated | Placer County | 88,579 | 16.0 |
| Morgan Hill | Santa Clara County | 31,904 | 16.0 |
| Fillmore | Ventura County | 11,624 | 15.3 |
| Chowchilla | Madera County | 13,518 | 15.1 |
| Gonzales | Monterey County | 5,288 | 15.1 |
| Rocklin | Placer County | 51,431 | 14.8 |
| San Juan Capistrano | Orange County | 26,596 | 14.6 |
| Dana Point | Orange County | 26,155 | 14.5 |
| Siskiyou Unincorporated | Siskiyou County | 19,234 | 13.8 |
| Glenn Unincorporated | Glenn County | 9,961 | 13.8 |
| Dinuba | Tulare County | 15,163 | 13.7 |
| Wheatland | Yuba County | 2,678 | 13.6 |
| Reedley | Fresno County | 16,503 | 13.5 |
| St. Helena | Napa County | 4,149 | 13.1 |
| Plymouth | Amador County | 809 | 13.1 |
| Livermore | Alameda County | 63,005 | 12.5 |
| Brawley | Imperial County | 17,419 | 12.5 |
| Gilroy | Santa Clara County | 40,075 | 12.3 |
| Kerman | Fresno County | 10,737 | 12.1 |
| Paradise | Butte County | 6,048 | 12.1 |
| Yucca Valley | San Bernardino County | 15,475 | 11.9 |
| Buellton | Santa Barbara County | 3,788 | 11.8 |
| Butte Unincorporated | Butte County | 51,385 | 11.7 |
| Laguna Niguel | Orange County | 50,450 | 11.6 |
| Yorba Linda | Orange County | 49,957 | 11.6 |
| Yucaipa | San Bernardino County | 37,746 | 11.5 |
| Madera Unincorporated | Madera County | 52,398 | 11.4 |
| Apple Valley | San Bernardino County | 51,548 | 11.4 |
| Kingsburg | Fresno County | 8,879 | 11.4 |
| Tehama | Tehama County | 288 | 11.4 |
| Roseville | Placer County | 114,881 | 10.8 |
| Dublin | Alameda County | 51,206 | 10.8 |
| Selma | Fresno County | 16,977 | 10.7 |
| Pleasanton | Alameda County | 57,147 | 10.6 |
| Half Moon Bay | San Mateo County | 8,527 | 10.6 |
| Calistoga | Napa County | 4,137 | 10.3 |
| Ferndale | Humboldt County | 1,264 | 10.3 |
| Rancho Santa Margarita | Orange County | 35,133 | 10.2 |
| Brea | Orange County | 34,974 | 10.2 |
| Sanger | Fresno County | 17,505 | 10.2 |
| Folsom | Sacramento County | 62,233 | 10.1 |
| San Ramon | Contra Costa County | 61,262 | 10.0 |
| Santa Paula | Ventura County | 21,631 | 10.0 |
| San Anselmo | Marin County | 9,368 | 10.0 |
| Newman | Stanislaus County | 8,074 | 10.0 |
| Holtville | Imperial County | 3,453 | 9.9 |
| Mission Viejo | Orange County | 70,833 | 9.8 |
| Santa Maria | Santa Barbara County | 69,071 | 9.7 |
| Placentia | Orange County | 38,435 | 9.7 |
| Moorpark | Ventura County | 26,134 | 9.5 |
| Ross | Marin County | 1,725 | 9.5 |
| Trinidad | Humboldt County | 317 | 9.5 |
| Calimesa | Riverside County | 7,994 | 9.4 |
| Laguna Beach | Orange County | 18,783 | 9.3 |
| Los Altos Hills | Santa Clara County | 6,568 | 9.3 |
| Live Oak | Sutter County | 6,281 | 9.3 |
| Angels Camp | Calaveras County | 2,829 | 9.1 |
| Larkspur | Marin County | 10,128 | 8.9 |
| Westlake Village | Los Angeles County | 5,967 | 8.9 |
| Los Altos | Santa Clara County | 22,194 | 8.7 |
| Fowler | Fresno County | 4,498 | 8.7 |
| Temecula | Riverside County | 77,416 | 8.5 |
| Escondido | San Diego County | 109,860 | 8.4 |
| Simi Valley | Ventura County | 95,488 | 8.3 |
| Lake Forest | Orange County | 64,981 | 8.3 |
| Corte Madera | Marin County | 7,304 | 8.3 |
| Rancho Cucamonga | San Bernardino County | 129,290 | 8.2 |
| Mill Valley | Marin County | 10,818 | 8.2 |
| Citrus Heights | Sacramento County | 66,340 | 8.1 |
| Laguna Hills | Orange County | 23,388 | 8.1 |
| Portola Valley | San Mateo County | 3,447 | 8.1 |
| Aliso Viejo | Orange County | 37,449 | 8.0 |
| La Habra Heights | Los Angeles County | 4,280 | 7.9 |
| Fremont | Alameda County | 171,644 | 7.8 |
| Santa Clarita | Los Angeles County | 163,424 | 7.8 |
| Ventura Unincorporated | Ventura County | 68,725 | 7.8 |
| Agoura Hills | Los Angeles County | 14,629 | 7.8 |
| Shasta Unincorporated | Shasta County | 51,191 | 7.7 |
| Ontario | San Bernardino County | 127,344 | 7.5 |
| Upland | San Bernardino County | 58,421 | 7.4 |
| Lodi | San Joaquin County | 48,271 | 7.3 |
| Rancho Cordova | Sacramento County | 58,035 | 7.2 |
| Ripon | San Joaquin County | 11,374 | 7.2 |
| Chino | San Bernardino County | 66,839 | 7.0 |
| Livingston | Merced County | 9,659 | 7.0 |
| Chino Hills | San Bernardino County | 58,945 | 6.9 |
| Newark | Alameda County | 36,914 | 6.9 |
| Lafayette | Contra Costa County | 18,133 | 6.9 |
| Whittier | Los Angeles County | 62,255 | 6.7 |
| Redlands | San Bernardino County | 52,268 | 6.7 |
| Anderson | Shasta County | 8,033 | 6.7 |
| Tiburon | Marin County | 6,991 | 6.7 |
| Villa Park | Orange County | 4,368 | 6.6 |
| Fortuna | Humboldt County | 9,233 | 6.5 |
| Clayton | Contra Costa County | 7,785 | 6.5 |
| Fullerton | Orange County | 102,173 | 6.2 |
| Palo Alto | Santa Clara County | 50,442 | 6.2 |
| Brentwood | Contra Costa County | 45,450 | 6.1 |
| Moraga | Contra Costa County | 11,152 | 6.1 |
| Tuolumne Unincorporated | Tuolumne County | 39,621 | 6.0 |
| Visalia | Tulare County | 97,127 | 5.8 |
| Escalon | San Joaquin County | 5,355 | 5.7 |
| Bradbury | Los Angeles County | 654 | 5.7 |
| Camarillo | Ventura County | 52,923 | 5.6 |
| Belvedere | Marin County | 1,731 | 5.5 |
| Palmdale | Los Angeles County | 107,928 | 5.4 |
| Los Gatos | Santa Clara County | 24,232 | 5.4 |
| Monte Sereno | Santa Clara County | 2,732 | 5.4 |
| Anaheim | Orange County | 250,538 | 5.3 |
| Orange | Orange County | 102,511 | 5.3 |
| San Mateo Unincorporated | San Mateo County | 45,991 | 5.3 |
| Poway | San Diego County | 35,610 | 5.3 |
| Kings Unincorporated | Kings County | 20,374 | 5.3 |
| Hillsborough | San Mateo County | 7,796 | 5.3 |
| Sunnyvale | Santa Clara County | 120,552 | 5.2 |
| Victorville | San Bernardino County | 89,362 | 5.2 |
| Duarte | Los Angeles County | 17,642 | 5.2 |
| Palos Verdes Estates | Los Angeles County | 9,481 | 5.2 |
| Sausalito | Marin County | 6,564 | 5.2 |
| Del Mar | San Diego County | 3,332 | 5.2 |
| Beaumont | Riverside County | 37,265 | 5.1 |
| East Palo Alto | San Mateo County | 21,476 | 5.1 |
| Blue Lake | Humboldt County | 861 | 5.1 |
| Elk Grove | Sacramento County | 126,411 | 5.0 |
| Highland | San Bernardino County | 38,222 | 5.0 |
| La Mirada | Los Angeles County | 35,362 | 5.0 |
| Santa Fe Springs | Los Angeles County | 14,154 | 5.0 |
| Windsor | Sonoma County | 19,075 | 4.9 |
| Eastvale | Riverside County | 47,496 | 4.8 |
| Yuba Unincorporated | Yuba County | 46,136 | 4.8 |
| Napa Unincorporated | Napa County | 16,775 | 4.8 |
| La Cañada Flintridge | Los Angeles County | 13,861 | 4.8 |
| Milpitas | Santa Clara County | 60,195 | 4.7 |
| Monrovia | Los Angeles County | 28,409 | 4.7 |
| Huntington Beach | Orange County | 153,810 | 4.6 |
| Clovis | Fresno County | 84,030 | 4.6 |
| Cupertino | Santa Clara County | 43,349 | 4.6 |
| Saratoga | Santa Clara County | 23,927 | 4.6 |
| Woodside | San Mateo County | 3,892 | 4.6 |
| Claremont | Los Angeles County | 25,677 | 4.5 |
| Menifee | Riverside County | 78,886 | 4.4 |
| Orange Unincorporated | Orange County | 93,782 | 4.3 |
| Rialto | San Bernardino County | 70,642 | 4.3 |
| Pico Rivera | Los Angeles County | 44,740 | 4.3 |
| Hermosa Beach | Los Angeles County | 14,998 | 4.3 |
| Irvine | Orange County | 220,359 | 4.2 |
| San Mateo | San Mateo County | 79,648 | 4.2 |
| Montclair | San Bernardino County | 26,883 | 4.2 |
| Orinda | Contra Costa County | 14,187 | 4.2 |
| Scotts Valley | Santa Cruz County | 9,176 | 4.2 |
| San Gabriel | Los Angeles County | 30,302 | 4.1 |
| Solana Beach | San Diego County | 10,001 | 4.1 |
| Diamond Bar | Los Angeles County | 41,413 | 4.0 |
| La Verne | Los Angeles County | 23,115 | 4.0 |
| Hercules | Contra Costa County | 20,421 | 4.0 |
| Sacramento Unincorporated | Sacramento County | 440,424 | 3.9 |
| Sierra Madre | Los Angeles County | 8,691 | 3.9 |
| Exeter | Tulare County | 6,794 | 3.9 |
| Oakley | Contra Costa County | 32,216 | 3.8 |
| Walnut | Los Angeles County | 21,328 | 3.8 |
| Millbrae | San Mateo County | 17,686 | 3.8 |
| Sutter Unincorporated | Sutter County | 14,528 | 3.8 |
| Rancho Palos Verdes | Los Angeles County | 30,600 | 3.7 |
| La Puente | Los Angeles County | 27,907 | 3.7 |
| Westminster | Orange County | 67,791 | 3.6 |
| Hughson | Stanislaus County | 5,422 | 3.6 |
| Murrieta | Riverside County | 76,970 | 3.5 |
| Buena Park | Orange County | 60,261 | 3.5 |
| San Dimas | Los Angeles County | 25,473 | 3.5 |
| Menlo Park | San Mateo County | 25,025 | 3.5 |
| Norco | Riverside County | 19,168 | 3.5 |
| Downey | Los Angeles County | 82,500 | 3.3 |
| Arcadia | Los Angeles County | 41,637 | 3.3 |
| Rosemead | Los Angeles County | 40,143 | 3.3 |
| Manhattan Beach | Los Angeles County | 24,827 | 3.3 |
| Industry | Los Angeles County | 170 | 3.3 |
| Glendora | Los Angeles County | 37,332 | 3.2 |
| Azusa | Los Angeles County | 35,034 | 3.2 |
| Foster City | San Mateo County | 24,957 | 3.2 |
| Calabasas | Los Angeles County | 16,832 | 3.2 |
| Irwindale | Los Angeles County | 988 | 3.2 |
| Canyon Lake | Riverside County | 8,313 | 3.1 |
| Fresno Unincorporated | Fresno County | 111,430 | 3.0 |
| West Covina | Los Angeles County | 81,586 | 3.0 |
| Seal Beach | Orange County | 21,158 | 3.0 |
| Coronado | San Diego County | 14,243 | 3.0 |
| Pismo Beach | San Luis Obispo County | 6,989 | 3.0 |
| Rolling Hills Estates | Los Angeles County | 5,971 | 3.0 |
| Garden Grove | Orange County | 127,409 | 2.9 |
| Carson | Los Angeles County | 70,341 | 2.9 |
| San Marcos | San Diego County | 65,254 | 2.9 |
| Merced Unincorporated | Merced County | 60,474 | 2.8 |
| Campbell | Santa Clara County | 32,792 | 2.8 |
| Temple City | Los Angeles County | 26,856 | 2.8 |
| El Segundo | Los Angeles County | 12,793 | 2.7 |
| La Palma | Orange County | 11,608 | 2.7 |
| Santa Clara | Santa Clara County | 101,637 | 2.6 |
| Yuba City | Sutter County | 48,560 | 2.6 |
| Monterey Park | Los Angeles County | 47,201 | 2.6 |
| Cypress | Orange County | 36,606 | 2.6 |
| San Bruno | San Mateo County | 33,226 | 2.6 |
| Burbank | Los Angeles County | 81,027 | 2.5 |
| Norwalk | Los Angeles County | 73,389 | 2.5 |
| Rancho Mirage | Riverside County | 15,767 | 2.5 |
| Pinole | Contra Costa County | 15,219 | 2.5 |
| Glendale | Los Angeles County | 148,792 | 2.4 |
| El Cajon | San Diego County | 72,922 | 2.4 |
| Newport Beach | Orange County | 67,821 | 2.4 |
| Loma Linda | San Bernardino County | 19,642 | 2.4 |
| Pacific Grove | Monterey County | 12,233 | 2.4 |
| Los Alamitos | Orange County | 8,615 | 2.4 |
| Atherton | San Mateo County | 5,036 | 2.4 |
| Torrance | Los Angeles County | 108,097 | 2.3 |
| Compton | Los Angeles County | 62,426 | 2.3 |
| South Pasadena | Los Angeles County | 19,284 | 2.3 |
| Colton | San Bernardino County | 38,264 | 2.2 |
| San Marino | Los Angeles County | 9,064 | 2.2 |
| Indian Wells | Riverside County | 4,403 | 2.2 |
| Hidden Hills | Los Angeles County | 1,551 | 2.2 |
| Tustin | Orange County | 58,038 | 2.1 |
| Rohnert Park | Sonoma County | 33,298 | 2.1 |
| Arroyo Grande | San Luis Obispo County | 14,033 | 2.0 |
| Carmel-by-the-Sea | Monterey County | 3,046 | 2.0 |
| Alhambra | Los Angeles County | 65,101 | 1.9 |
| Santa Clara Unincorporated | Santa Clara County | 61,467 | 1.9 |
| Tehama Unincorporated | Tehama County | 32,053 | 1.9 |
| Grand Terrace | San Bernardino County | 9,797 | 1.9 |
| Colma | San Mateo County | 1,213 | 1.9 |
| Fountain Valley | Orange County | 43,473 | 1.8 |
| Lawndale | Los Angeles County | 22,411 | 1.8 |
| Hawaiian Gardens | Los Angeles County | 9,597 | 1.8 |
| Inglewood | Los Angeles County | 80,039 | 1.7 |
| Solano Unincorporated | Solano County | 14,294 | 1.7 |
| Lakewood | Los Angeles County | 60,371 | 1.6 |
| Gardena | Los Angeles County | 44,868 | 1.6 |
| Albany | Alameda County | 14,155 | 1.5 |
| San Carlos | San Mateo County | 21,848 | 1.4 |
| South Gate | Los Angeles County | 66,392 | 1.3 |
| Paramount | Los Angeles County | 36,154 | 1.3 |
| San Fernando | Los Angeles County | 17,513 | 1.2 |
| Cerritos | Los Angeles County | 37,153 | 1.1 |
| Beverly Hills | Los Angeles County | 25,718 | 1.1 |
| San Pablo | Contra Costa County | 22,055 | 1.0 |
| Signal Hill | Los Angeles County | 9,064 | 1.0 |
| Piedmont | Alameda County | 7,501 | 1.0 |
| Vernon | Los Angeles County | 212 | 1.0 |
| Bell | Los Angeles County | 22,470 | 0.8 |
| Lomita | Los Angeles County | 14,846 | 0.8 |
| Los Angeles Unincorporated | Los Angeles County | 726,396 | 0.2 |
2. Where farms and stores are
Farms and stores are often in different places
The charts compare how much licensed growing space is in rural areas with how many retail licenses are there. Each bar shows rural and urban shares on the same scale.
Shipping could help connect farms in growing regions with customers elsewhere in California. These charts show where licenses are located; the retail-menu report below looks at products offered for sale.
Where Farms and Retail Businesses Are Located
Compares rural and urban locations using the Census Bureau’s 2020 boundaries. We use license coordinates where available, and a county-based estimate for records without a usable location.
| License category | Rural | Urban | Total classified |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivation capacity | 61,850,720 sq. ft. (80.3%) | 15,155,280 sq. ft. (19.7%) | 77,006,000 sq. ft. |
| Retail | 112 (7.0%) | 1,480 (93.0%) | 1,592 |
How locations and growing area are estimated
Cultivation capacity sums the active cultivation square footage assigned to cultivation licenses and microbusinesses with cultivation activity. Retail includes storefront retailers, non-storefront delivery retailers, and microbusinesses with retail activity. The analysis first uses a premise point inside the California validation envelope. When that point is missing or invalid, it falls back to the population-weighted center of the license’s DCC county region, calculated from current Census block-group populations and centroids, and classifies that proxy against the current promoted Census Urban Area source. The regional fallback contributes 474 cultivation licenses representing 14,332,100 sq. ft. and 199 retail licenses; across those records, 353 have no address and 198 are non-storefront delivery retailers. The county proxy does not identify a premise or delivery service area and can differ from the license’s actual rural or urban location within a mixed county. The split still excludes 0 cultivation licenses (0.0% of active cultivation licenses), representing 0 sq. ft. (0.0% of active cultivation capacity), and 0 retail licenses (0.0%) that lack both a usable premise point and a usable county proxy, or when a required current Census release is unavailable. ZIP codes and address text do not enter the classification.
3. Small-farm size
A closer look at small farms
We group growing licenses under the same ownership and compare their estimated licensed growing area. The charts show the share held by small, medium, and large operations.
1256 operator groups · 9,923,500 sq. ft. estimated licensed growing area
610 operator groups · 17,756,740 sq. ft. estimated licensed growing area
223 operator groups · 49,325,760 sq. ft. estimated licensed growing area
These estimates use license types and recorded ownership links. Eligibility under the proposal would depend on approved growing area, who controls the business, and the rules for each license type.
4. What an order could look like
What could a farm keep from a direct sale?
Our article uses an example of $6 wholesale for a packaged eighth and $25 paid by the customer, including tax. Try those prices below, then add shipping and selling costs to compare the two options.
Use a shipping quote and your own selling costs. To try the calculator, the example button adds $10 for shipping and $8 for other costs.
Enter shipping and other selling costs to see the comparison.
| Item | Example amount |
|---|---|
| What the customer pays, including tax | — |
| Less excise and sales tax | — |
| Less shipping and other selling costs | — |
| What is left from selling direct | — |
| Wholesale payment for the same products | — |
| Difference between the two options | — |
This compares the same finished packaged goods sold two ways. Growing, testing, processing, packaging, and general business expenses still come out of these amounts. Include any extra work, returns, and co-op payments when you enter selling costs.
For this example, sales tax applies to the product value plus excise tax. A tax-inclusive price is divided by (1 + excise rate) × (1 + combined sales-tax rate). Shipping is assumed to be paid by the seller from that price; separately charged freight and local cannabis business taxes are outside this example. Actual tax treatment and medical exemptions require the applicable transaction rules.
Six reports behind the proposal
Reports 1 and 5 appear above. Open the reports below to explore small-farm products on menus, licensing trends, and possible sales and tax outcomes.
Report 2: Small-farm products on retail menus
Small-Farm Products on Retail Shelves
Higher Origins menu analysis completed September 18, 2026.
The full menus used in this report were collected from August 8, 2026 through September 18, 2026.
We match menu listings to our small-farm brand classifications. Counts reflect the stores and collection dates shown above.
Report 6: Small-farm licensing trends
Small-Farm Licenses That Are No Longer Active
Looks at growing licenses in business groups with no active cultivation license and an estimated growing area of 10,000 square feet or less. An inactive license does not always mean the farm has closed.
How Small Farms Compare with All Cultivation Sizes
For each size category, we compare business groups with no active growing license against all groups in that category. Licenses under shared ownership count as one group.
| Size category | All business groups | Groups without an active growing license | Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| All cultivation sizes | 5,803 | 3,081 | 53.1% |
| Small (≤ 10,000 sq. ft.) | 3,813 | 2,102 | 55.1% |
| Larger (> 10,000 sq. ft.) | 1,990 | 979 | 49.2% |
Small groups account for 68.2% of all cultivation groups with no active license, compared with 65.7% of all cultivation groups in the snapshot.
Difference between the small- and larger-business rates: +5.9 percentage points.
How business groups are counted
Each group is counted once and remains active if any affiliated cultivation license is active, so retiring or replacing a license within an active group does not count as a group exit. The comparison uses the same stored name-and-owners grouping and sum of active and inactive license-type capacity proxies as the small-license screen below; missing capacity is treated as zero. These categories describe the current records, not farm size at the time of an exit. Non-active statuses can include temporary restrictions and internal visibility states, and are not proof of permanent closure. Comparison snapshot updated through November 6, 2026.
The expired percentage uses the inactive small-farm licenses listed in this report.
inactive licenses are left out because the same business group still has an active growing license.
Those exclusions occur across 53 operator groups, or 2.5% of the 2,155 affiliated groups screened.
| Time held | Licenses | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Less than 1 year | 5 | 0.2% |
| 1 to under 2 years | 494 | 21.9% |
| 2 to under 5 years | 1,238 | 54.9% |
| 5 years or more | 520 | 23.0% |
| Unknown or inconsistent dates | 0 | 0.0% |
| Current status | Licenses | Nonpublic | Operator groups | Capacity proxy | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Expired | 1,837 | 0 | 1,720 | 12,370,000 sq. ft. | 81.4% |
| Surrendered | 292 | 0 | 279 | 1,888,500 sq. ft. | 12.9% |
| Limited operations | 43 | 0 | 42 | 320,000 sq. ft. | 1.9% |
| Revoked | 55 | 0 | 54 | 408,000 sq. ft. | 2.4% |
| Canceled | 25 | 0 | 25 | 245,000 sq. ft. | 1.1% |
| Suspended | 2 | 0 | 2 | 15,000 sq. ft. | 0.1% |
This is a current-status and capacity screen of nondeleted DCC cultivation licenses and microbusiness licenses with cultivation activity. The initial pool contains 2,313 cultivation records outside active status across 2,155 affiliated owner groups. A record is counted as potentially qualifying only when every cultivation license in its affiliated group is outside active status. This excludes inactive licenses that may have been converted or replaced by another active cultivation license in the same group. Records omitted from Higher Origins public listings and licenses marked nonpublic remain included in the aggregate totals. Higher Origins internal visibility classifications are omitted from the license-status table because they are not licensing-agency statuses. The status rows show the licensing statuses present after the active-affiliation exclusion, including limited operations where applicable, and the Nonpublic column shows the visibility subset within each row. Records are grouped by the stored legal name, falling back to the license name, together with the stored owners array. The 10,000-square-foot test sums the license-type cultivation-capacity proxy across all included active and inactive cultivation records in each affiliated group. Each license is counted once. The potentially qualifying operator count deduplicates affiliated groups, while operator counts in individual status rows may overlap and should not be added together. License tenure runs from the stored issue date to the stored status date, falling back to expiration date when the status date is absent, and its breakdown includes only the potentially qualifying licenses after the active-affiliation exclusion. The buckets use calendar intervals of 1, 2, and 5 years; a missing end date or an end date before issuance is reported as unknown or inconsistent. Capacity is a regulatory license-type proxy, not planted, harvested, or operational canopy. The screen does not establish that a license can be renewed or restored, that ownership and control are fully resolved, or that the operator satisfies good-standing, local-approval, compliance, farm-origin product, and other proposed endorsement requirements. Licensing statuses such as expired, surrendered, revoked, canceled, suspended, and limited operations have different meanings and do not all imply permanent closure. Data reflect the Higher Origins license snapshot as updated through November 6, 2026 and can be checked against the DCC license search.
Reports 3 and 4: Explore sales capacity and tax scenarios
These examples explore what direct sales might look like using county spending figures and estimates of farm production. Some sales could come from new legal-market customers; others could shift from existing stores.
Possible Sales and Tax Revenue
Uses Q2 2026 county sales data to estimate a year of spending by adults in areas with local retail restrictions.
These are example sales and tax amounts. Some purchases may already happen at licensed stores, so the total tax shown is not all new revenue. Sales tax includes excise tax in its base; local cannabis business taxes are excluded.
What Small-Farm Direct Sales Could Look Like
Explores an example where the farms in our small-farm count sell 20% of their estimated yearly production directly to customers. Production and price estimates come from state market data.
How this example is calculated
The canopy proxy assigns each license type its regulatory upper bound; it is not reported planted area. The scenario uses 0.066323 lb. per sq. ft. per year at full capacity and $2944.46 per packaged-flower-equivalent pound. This statewide annual yield blends cultivation types; it does not separately model outdoor, mixed-light, and indoor harvest schedules. Taxes shown do not subtract taxes displaced from existing legal retail sales, so they do not estimate additional government revenue. Sales are not a forecast of farmer receipts.
How much spending would be new to the legal market?
Enter your estimate of how much spending would be new to the legal market. The calculator separates those sales from purchases that would otherwise happen at licensed stores.
Annual production = farms × average canopy × dry-flower yield per run × runs per year. Outdoor uses 1 run, mixed light 3, and indoor 4. These run counts are scenario assumptions.
Enter a per-run yield for every cultivation type with participating farms. Yields start blank because the DCC annual average is not a per-run estimate. Count each farm once, using groups with one cultivation method; this option does not split farms with multiple methods. The initial farm count and canopy are illustrative. This assumes all modeled canopy completes every run and all modeled flower is saleable.
The initial $2,944.46/lb value uses the DCC packaged-flower retail benchmark; 20% sold DTC is illustrative. Adjust both to match your scenario. This harvest option is separate from Report 4's statewide annual-yield benchmark.
Estimate the share coming from customers who would otherwise buy outside the legal market. The rest is treated as spending moved from licensed stores. Enter your own estimate to see the results.
Enter your figures to see an estimate. For the harvest option, add at least one farm and a yield for each growing method you use.
This compares taxes on the same spending at the same tax rates. If none of the direct sales add spending to the legal market, the estimated extra tax is $0. Different prices or tax rates would change the result. Sales tax includes excise tax; local cannabis business taxes are not included.
Where the numbers come from
We use public license records, local licensing rules, Census population estimates, retailer menus, and tax data to understand the challenges facing small farms and their customers.
If the proposal moves forward, annual reports and an independent review would track prices, shipping costs, farm earnings, worker outcomes, and effects on existing retailers. That would show how the program works in practice.
Data sources and definitions
- DCC retail-access records: the latest imported local storefront and delivery licensing policies. Dates and missing coverage are separate from service availability.
- Census ACS population estimates and 2020 Census Urban Areas: population age 21+ and rural/urban classification. A statewide population requires all 58 counties.
- DCC license records: active license locations, assigned cultivation-capacity proxies, affiliation screens, and licensing statuses. These do not independently establish actual control, authorized mature canopy, sales, or business closures.
- Higher Origins complete-menu snapshots: available product listings are matched against our small-farm brand classifications. Report 2 identifies the retail locations and collection dates represented by the sample.
- CDTFA county taxable sales and the DCC market outlook: inputs for optional scenarios. Taxable sales include other reportable goods; production capacity is not observed harvest.
Local sales-tax allocation follows sourcing rules and is not automatically retained by the farm’s county. The optional models exclude local cannabis business taxes and use adjustable tax assumptions. Their output is not tax advice or a budget for program administration.
The data are snapshots. Straight-line distance understates road travel and does not measure delivery availability, hours, prices, stock, or service quality. Neither association networks nor license counts prove that vertical integration caused a small farm’s lack of shelf access.
Help small farms reach more customers
Read how the proposal would work for farms, co-ops, carriers, and customers, or add your support.
Policy research and drafting by Higher Origins. This proposal has not yet been enacted and does not constitute legal advice. Data is aggregated from DCC license records and Higher Origins proprietary research.